Advances in Co-Location and Hybrid Offshore Renewable Energy Systems: Integrating Wind, Wave, Tidal and Solar Resources

The offshore renewable energy sector is entering a new phase where technologies are no longer developed in isolation. The co-location and hybridisation of offshore wind, wave, and tidal, and floating photovoltaic (FPV) energy systems offer the potential for enhanced resource utilisation, reduced variability in power output, and improved economic viability through shared infrastructure and maintenance. Furthermore, integrating these systems with consolidated ocean uses—such as aquaculture, shipping, and water desalination—aligns with marine spatial planning goals, creating highly synergistic hubs within the broader Blue Economy. Recent advances in computational modelling, control strategies, and experimental testing are providing new insights into the synergies and challenges of this complex multi-technology offshore energy integration. However, major challenges remain in hydrodynamic coupling, system optimisation, environmental assessment, and techno-economic viability under real-world conditions. Addressing these requires coordinated interdisciplinary research across engineering, environmental science, and marine policy. Topic editors: Stephanie Ordonez Sanchez, Job Immanuel Encarnacion, Emiliano Gorr Pozi Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/79234/advances-in-co-location-and-hybrid-offshore-renewable-energy-systems-integrating-wind-wave-tidal-and-solar-resources