Advances of Synchrotron Radiation-Based X-Ray Imaging in Biomedical Research, Volume II

This is the second volume of the Research Topic Advances of Synchrotron Radiation-Based X-Ray Imaging in Biomedical Research Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray imaging is widely used across biomedical applications. The use of synchrotron light offers several advantages, including: i) the implementation of phase contrast techniques thanks to the beam coherence; ii) reduced exposure times and opportunity of in-situ studies, enabled by the high fluxes and the high brilliance of the source; iii) the availability of monochromatic beams for quantitative analyses, as commonly required in K-edge and spectral imaging. In particular, synchrotron radiation-based X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography (PC-CT) has become a well-established tool to inspect the three-dimensional morphology of tissues, organs, and biomaterials at high spatial and contrast resolution. The integration of artificial intelligence with PC-CT supports the development of advanced processing methodologies aimed at enhancing image quality, as well as improving feature detection, segmentation, and co-registration. Furthermore, combining morphological techniques, such as the tomography, with complementary techniques such as X-ray fluorescence imaging and X-ray spectromicroscopy and diffraction scanning imaging expands research capabilities by incorporating structural and element-specific information.Overall, synchrotron radiation-based X-ray imaging plays a key role in medical imaging research. Advances in diagnostic imaging are fundamental for early detection of biomarkers associated with several pathologies and neurodegenerative diseases, for evaluating therapeutic strategies, and for supporting developments in soft tissue and osteo-articular engineering. These techniques are also crucial for the characterization of innovative biomaterials such as bioinks, scaffolds, 3D printed tissues, wound healing dressings, biocompatible implants, and fixation devices such as screws. Moreover, the development of new imaging technologies, including detectors and dedicated setups for in-situ analysis, has a significant impact on biomedical research, alongside the emergence of novel image processing methodologies. This collection aims to highlight recent advances of synchrotron radiation-based X-ray imaging in the framework of preclinical, clinical, and biomedical applications.This second volume of the special issue invites contributors to submit original research and perspective articles, technical notes, and reviews focused on the application of synchrotron radiation-based 2D & 3D X-ray imaging techniques within biomedical research, including studies conducted as a part of multimodal investigations. This collection welcomes contributions such as case studies, the development of novel X-ray imaging workflows, advances in phase-contrast and dark-field imaging techniques, in-situ studies, and the application of artificial intelligence-based image processing approaches. The list of topics may include, but is not limited to, the following research themes:-tissues and organs imaging (in vitro, ex-vivo, in vivo studies);-imaging of cells and organoids; -X-ray micro- and nanotomography;-preclinical and clinical applications;-multimodal imaging;-phase contrast and phase retrieval methods;-X-ray microscopy;-X-ray laminography;-X-ray ptychography;-in-situ investigations;-k-edge and spectral imaging;-X-ray fluorescence and X-ray spectromicroscopy;-X-ray scanning diffraction-instrumental developments and detectors;-image processing;-computing approaches based on artificial intelligence. Topic editors: Elena Longo, Sandro Donato, Christian Dullin, Michela Fratini Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/79583/advances-of-synchrotron-radiation-based-x-ray-imaging-in-biomedical-research-volume-ii