Beyond antimicrobials: myeloperoxidase's expansive role in neutrophil regulation and immunotherapy

Neutrophils are a cornerstone of the innate immune response and a primary source of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a heme-containing enzyme historically characterized by its antimicrobial activity and its role in tissue damage through the generation of reactive oxidants. For decades, MPO research has centered on its enzymatic production of hypochlorous acid and related oxidants as a mechanism of pathogen killing and collateral host injury.Recent work, however, points to a far broader functional repertoire. MPO is increasingly recognized as a modulator of neutrophil biology in its own right, influencing how neutrophils traffic, activate, persist, and die. These non-enzymatic functions reposition MPO as a regulator of immune responses rather than merely an effector molecule, with implications for both physiological host defense and chronic inflammatory pathology.This Research Topic aims to consolidate and advance our understanding of MPO as a multifunctional regulator of neutrophil biology and innate immunity. We welcome contributions that examine:- Non-enzymatic functions of MPO and their molecular mechanisms- The role of MPO in neutrophil trafficking, activation, and lifespan- MPO’s contribution to neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and function- MPO-mediated modulation of immune signaling and tissue repair- Pathological consequences of dysregulated MPO activity in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases- Novel therapeutic strategies targeting - MPO, including small-molecule inhibitors, biologics, and combination approaches- Translational and clinical perspectives on MPO as a biomarker or therapeutic targetBy integrating molecular, cellular, and translational perspectives, this Topic aligns with the journal’s focus on the molecular, cellular, and functional aspects of innate immunity and aims to inform the development of next-generation immunomodulatory therapies. Topic editors: Paige Lacy, Maria Fernandes, Ernst Malle, Jürgen Arnhold Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/81671/beyond-antimicrobials-myeloperoxidases-expansive-role-in-neutrophil-regulation-and-immunotherapy