Cellular Insights into Spillover and Emergence: Cross-Species Pathogenesis, Diagnostics, and Vaccine Strategies in a One Health Framework

The increasing incidence of zoonotic spillover poses substantial threats to global public health, animal health, and ecosystem stability. Environmental change, climate variability, habitat fragmentation, globalization, intensive livestock production, and increased human–animal–wildlife interactions have accelerated opportunities for pathogen spillover and cross-species transmission. While advances in genomics, single-cell technologies, structuralbiology, quantitative proteomics, and systems immunology have significantly enhanced our understanding of pathogen biology, many of the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing host adaptation, immune evasion, tissue tropism, and disease emergence remain poorly understood. Integrating these mechanistic insights with surveillance systems and vaccine innovation through a One Health approach is essential for improving early detection, risk assessment, and preparedness against future zoonotic and transboundary disease outbreaks.This Research Topic aims to provide a multidisciplinary platform for advancing knowledge of the cellular and molecular determinants that drive pathogen spillover, cross-species adaptation, and disease emergence within a One Health framework. The collection seeks to bridge fundamental discoveries in host–pathogen interactions with translational research that informs surveillance strategies, diagnostics, vaccine development, and disease control. We welcome studies that investigate pathogen evolution, host susceptibility, immune regulation, cellular signaling pathways, mechanisms of virulence, and pathogen persistence across wildlife, livestock, companion animals, and humans.In addition, this Research Topic encourages contributions describing innovative surveillance methodologies, genomic and metagenomic approaches, artificial intelligence-assisted outbreak prediction, biomarker discovery, reverse vaccinology, immunoinformatics, novel vaccine platforms, and integrated epidemiological studies that strengthen preparedness for infectious diseases.This Research Topic welcomes Original Research, Reviews, Mini Reviews, Systematic Reviews, Methods, Perspectives, Brief Research Reports, and Opinion articles that provide novel insights into the cellular, molecular, immunological, ecological, and translational aspects of pathogen spillover and emergence.Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:• Cellular and molecular mechanisms of host–pathogen interactions • Cross-species transmission, vector-borne disease transmission and pathogen spillover dynamics • Proteomic and structural characterization of pathogenic determinants, with emphasis on the molecular mechanisms governing pathogen transmission, propagation, and host adaptation.• Investigation of the molecular basis of pathogenesis and comprehensive characterization of virulence mechanisms that drive infection, disease progression, and host–pathogen interactions. Topic editors: Karam Chand, Basavaraj S Mathapati, Anuj Ahuja, Vijay Saxena Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/85144/cellular-insights-into-spillover-and-emergence-cross-species-pathogenesis-diagnostics-and-vaccine-strategies-in-a-one-health-framework