Demyelinating Neuropathies: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Demyelinating neuropathies represent a challenging area within neurology, encompassing a spectrum of acquired disorders and inherited forms that impact the peripheral nervous system. Recent years have seen significant progress in characterizing the diversity of acquired neuropathies beyond classic entities like Guillain–Barré syndrome, immune-mediated demyelinating neuropathies, and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, including the identification of novel antibody-mediated forms, nodopathies, and paranodopathies. While advances in neurophysiological techniques, neuroimaging, and molecular profiling have enabled greater diagnostic accuracy, delayed recognition and inconsistent management outcomes remain persistent challenges. Inherited demyelinating neuropathies, including the heterogeneous group of Charcot–Marie–Tooth diseases (CMT), can involve diverse cellular processes that overlap with those implicated in acquired forms, including Schwann cell dysfunction, axo-glial disruption, and impaired myelin maintenance or repair, highlighting potential areas of convergence for translational investigation. Nevertheless, both groups still pose significant challenges in timely diagnosis, personalized treatment selection, and long-term functional restoration.This Research Topic aims to drive a clinically oriented, mechanistic understanding of demyelinating neuropathies, focusing on the interface between disease pathogenesis, diagnostic strategies, and disease-modifying treatments. Key objectives include highlighting innovations that link underlying mechanisms to improved diagnostic or therapeutic strategies, assessing new and established interventions for their real-world clinical value, and elucidating how current understanding of pathophysiology directly impacts treatment. The ultimate goal is to support timely diagnosis, personalized management, and the development of effective restorative treatments.To gather further insights into acquired and inherited demyelinating neuropathies, we welcome submissions across a diverse range of manuscript types supported by the journal—including Original Research, Brief Research Reports, Perspectives, Protocols, Mini-Reviews, and more—exploring, but not limited to, the following themes:- Clinical diagnosis, including electrodiagnostic, serological, and imaging advances- Pathophysiology of acquired and inherited demyelinating neuropathies- Biomarkers and diagnostic approaches integrated with disease mechanism or treatment response- Overlapping and distinct cellular pathways in acquired and selected inherited demyelinating neuropathies- Schwann cell biology and therapeutic modulation of axon-glia interactions- Advances in management strategies, including treatments in the pipeline for acquired and inherited neuropathies- Evaluation and impact of immunotherapies, neurorehabilitation, and regenerative medicine interventions, as well as targeted gene and small molecule therapies in both inherited and acquired neuropathies- Clinically relevant genetics and targeted therapy in inherited demyelinating neuropathies- Patient-centered outcomes and trajectories in response to evolving treatments- Real-world data and longitudinal cohort analyses informing prognosis and therapeutic decision makingWe particularly welcome manuscripts clearly articulating the connection between underlying disease mechanisms and their diagnostic, therapeutic, or nerve reparative implications, with a focus on driving clinical practice and future improvements in patient care.Articles will be published online as soon as they are accepted after peer review and approved for publication.Sign up now to participate in this exciting Research Topic.Topic Editor Kourosh Rezania has served as principal or site investigator on multiple industry-sponsored clinical trials in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and myasthenia gravis, including studies supported by Cytokinetics, Alexion, UCB, Orion, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma America, and Novartis, within the past five years. These activities are conducted through his academic institution. Topic Editor Betty Soliven has served as site co-investigator in clinical trials supported by Novartis and Healey. Topic Editor Yuri Matteo Falzone has served as a site sub-investigator in clinical trials supported by Argenx, Sanofi, Dianthus, Amgen, Vertex, and Takeda. Topic Editor Sasa Zivkovic has served as site investigator on a non-interventional study of people with Transthyretin (ATTR) Amyloidosis (MaesTTRo) funded by AstraZeneca. Topic Editor Mona Freidin declares no competing interests with regard to the Research Topic subject. Topic editors: Kourosh Rezania, Betty Soliven, Mona Freidin, Yuri Matteo Falzone, Sasha Zivkovic Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/77678/demyelinating-neuropathies-pathophysiology-diagnosis-and-treatment