Emerging Epidemiology of Anthelmintic Resistance and Host–Parasite Interactions: Molecular, Immunological and One Health Perspectives

Across the globe, parasitic helminths continue to impose economic and health-related stress on livestock industries. As a result, for decades, anthelmintic drugs have been the treatment of choice. However, the widespread emergence of resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes and other helminth species has become increasingly prevalent, compromising treatment efficacy and threatening the long-term sustainability of animal production system. The development of AR is influenced through complicated interactions between parasite genetics, host immunity, environmental conditions, management practices and drug-selection pressures. Improvements in molecular diagnostics have led to the identification of genetic markers associated with resistance, while immunological studies have uncovered several host defense mechanisms that determine parasite survival and adaptation. In addition, increased attention towards the linkage of animal, human and environmental health highlights the need for a One Health approach to parasite surveillance and control. This research welcomes original research, reviews, systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses, brief research reports (those fulfilling the requirements of an abstract word limit of 250), perspectives papers highlighting important implications or methodological considerations relevant to such studies.Anthelmintic resistance (AR) has evolved as one of the greatest threats to sustainable livestock production, animal welfare, food security, and global health. The increasing anthelmintic drugs, and often indiscriminate use of anthelmintic drugs, act as a driving force in the selection of resistant populations, lowering the efficiency of presently available treatments and restricting possible control options. Concurrently, climate, livestock production systems, globalization, and environmental conditions are impacting parasite transmission dynamics and the dispersion of resistance across different regions.Recent advancements in molecular biology techniques, genomics, transcriptomics, immunology, and epidemiological modelling have substantially improved our knowledge of underlying mechanisms and host-parasite interactions. However, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding the molecular determinants of resistance, the role of host immunity in parasite adaptation, and the integration of surveillance strategies within a One Health framework.The recent topic aims to bring together multidisciplinary research addressing the epidemiology of anthelmintics, interactions of host and parasites, molecular diagnostics, immunological responses, environmental drivers, and innovative parasite control strategies. By integrating veterinary, environmental, and public health perspectives, this collection seeks to identify emerging challenges, highlight recent scientific advances, and support the development of sustainable and evidence-based parasite management approaches.This Research Topic welcomes high-quality contributions that advance our understanding of anthelmintic resistance (AR), host–parasite interactions, and sustainable parasite control from molecular, immunological, epidemiological, and One Health perspectives. We invite submissions addressing, but not limited to, the molecular mechanisms and genetic markers of AR; parasite genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics; host immune responses and immunomodulation; host–parasite co-evolution; epidemiology and surveillance of resistant parasites; environmental and climatic influences on parasite transmission; diagnostic innovations; integrated parasite management; vaccine development; alternative and plant-based anthelmintic approaches; resistance modelling and risk assessment; and One Health strategies linking animal, human, and environment the submission of Original Research articles, Review articles, Mini Reviews, Systematic Reviews, Meta-Analyses, Brief Research Reports, Methods articles, Perspectives, and Opinion papers. Contributions from veterinary parasitology, molecular biology, immunology, epidemiology, ecology, public health, environmental sciences, and related interdisciplinary fields are particularly welcome to foster a comprehensive understanding of emerging challenges and solutions in parasite control. Topic editors: Nirmal Jeet Kaur, Sachin Kumar Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/84660/emerging-epidemiology-of-anthelmintic-resistance-and-host-parasite-interactions-molecular-immunological-and-one-health-perspectives