Extracellular vesicles in immunomodulation: from inflammatory circuits to regenerative outcomes

The field of extracellular vesicle (EV) biology has rapidly expanded, revealing that these membrane-bound nanoparticles are crucial mediators of intercellular communication, especially within the immune system. EVs are involved in processes such as antigen presentation, immune tolerance, and inflammation, and they play significant roles in tissue injury and repair. While recent research underscores their potential as propagators of both pro- and anti-inflammatory signals—through cargos such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins—critical questions persist regarding the precise mechanisms by which EVs influence immune responses in vivo and how these activities translate into the modulation of chronic inflammation and the facilitation of tissue regeneration. Despite an increasing appreciation for the link between immune modulation and regenerative outcomes, large gaps remain in our understanding of the contributions and therapeutic potential of EVs in immune-mediated pathology and tissue repair.This Research Topic aims to define and advance the emerging characterization of extracellular vesicles as central regulators at the interface of immunity and tissue regeneration. Specifically, it seeks to consolidate mechanistic, preclinical, and translational data that illuminate how EVs modulate immune cell function, encode inflammatory states through their cargo and surface markers, and mediate immune-regenerative crosstalk in health and disease. By focusing on EVs as both biomarkers and therapeutic agents within inflammatory and degenerative conditions, the Research Topic strives to clarify their function in immune regulation and tissue repair and lay groundwork for their clinical translation in immunology and regenerative medicine.To gather further insights in mechanistic, translational, and disease-oriented aspects of EV-mediated immune regulation and tissue repair, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:- EV interactions with innate and adaptive immune cells, influencing activation, tolerance, and inflammation resolution;- Functional roles of EV cargos (RNA, protein, lipid) in regulating inflammatory signaling pathways;- The impact of EVs on the immune microenvironment in autoimmune, infectious, cancer-associated, metabolic, or fibrotic diseases;- In vivo tracking and functional analysis of EVs within inflamed, diseased or injured tissues;- Translational challenges, including EV safety, immunogenicity, biodistribution, dosing, and scalable manufacturing for immunomodulatory indications;- Mechanisms of immune–regenerative interface mediated by EVs during inflammation resolution and tissue repair.We welcome Original Research, Review, and Mini-Review articles that provide novel insights or synthesize current knowledge in the field.Please note that manuscripts submitted to this Research Topic that do not investigate mechanisms related to immunity are out of scope for this journal. Topic editors: Gun Woo Lee, Sangbum Park, Min-Soo Seo Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/77739/extracellular-vesicles-in-immunomodulation-from-inflammatory-circuits-to-regenerative-outcomes