From PM-Allergoids to Personalized Medicine: Innovations in Allergen Immunotherapy

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) remains the only disease-modifying treatment for IgE-mediated allergic diseases. While its clinical efficacy has been established for over a century, the field is undergoing a paradigm shift driven by biotechnological innovations and the rise of personalized medicine. A major breakthrough in this domain is the development of polymerized allergens conjugated to non-ionic polysaccharides such as mannan—commonly referred to as PM-allergoids. These novel vaccines are engineered to selectively target dendritic cells, enhancing antigen uptake while minimizing IgE-mediated side effects, and driving the induction of regulatory T (Treg) cells. This clinical strategy holds immense promise, particularly for house dust mite (HDM) and pollen allergies.In parallel, there is an urgent need to transition from 'one-size-fits-all' treatments to personalized allergology. This involves integrating biological therapies (biologics), genetic and molecular markers, and patient-specific molecular profiles to optimize AIT selection, dosing, and adherence. By bridging clinical applications with translational research, this Research Topic aims to compile the latest historical advancements, clinical trial data, and future methodologies that align with the goals of United Nations SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being.We welcome original research, reviews, clinical trials, and perspective articles on:• Biotechnological advancements in AIT: Design, characterization, and mechanisms of polymerized allergens (PM-allergoids) and mannan-conjugated vaccines.• Clinical efficacy and safety of novel allergen vaccines: Outcomes from clinical trials, particularly focusing on house dust mite (HDM) and pollen allergies.• Immunological mechanisms of tolerance: Dendritic cell targeting, Treg cell induction, and biomarker monitoring during AIT.• Personalized medicine in allergology: Utilizing molecular profiling, genetic markers, and biologics (e.g., monoclonal antibodies) to tailor treatments.• Real-world evidence (RWE), patient adherence, and public health impact: Barriers and solutions in implementing innovative AIT globally in alignment with SDG 3. Topic editors: Enrique Fernandez-Caldas, Alexis Labrada Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/84419/from-pm-allergoids-to-personalized-medicine-innovations-in-allergen-immunotherapy