Host–Microbiota Interactions: Mechanistic Insights Into the Regulation of Intestinal Inflammation and Development by Beneficial Microbes and Their Metabolites

The symbiotic relationship between the gut microbiota and the host has evolved into a sophisticated communication network that plays essential roles in immune homeostasis, epithelial barrier function, intestinal development, and tissue repair. Commensal bacteria, probiotics, and other health-associated microorganisms interact with host cells through short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), tryptophan metabolites, bile acid derivatives, secreted factors, and other bioactive molecules. These interactions regulate inflammation, immune tolerance, and intestinal barrier function through signaling pathways involving GPCRs, AhR, TLR/NF-κB, Nrf2, and other host targets.Host–microbiota interactions are particularly important during early life. Dysbiosis, dietary changes, antibiotic exposure, and pathogen infection may disrupt microbial–host communication, thereby affecting intestinal immune maturation, barrier homeostasis, development, and tissue regeneration, while increasing the risk of intestinal diseases. However, the functional contributions of individual microorganisms and their metabolites, the mechanisms by which they are sensed by the host, and their temporal and spatial specificity remain incompletely understood. In addition, translating these mechanisms into microbiota-targeted nutritional and therapeutic strategies remains an important research priority.This Research Topic aims to bring together the latest research on how beneficial microbes and their metabolites regulate intestinal inflammation, barrier function, development, and tissue repair, with a particular focus on microbial functions, bioactive metabolites, host sensing, and signal transduction mechanisms. We welcome articles focus on the bidirectional interactions between beneficial gut microorganisms, their functional molecules, and the host, with particular emphasis on anti-inflammatory mechanisms and developmental programming, addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:o Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory mechanisms: Mechanisms by which beneficial microorganisms and their metabolites regulate intestinal inflammation, immune tolerance, oxidative stress, and mucosal immune homeostasis, including the host receptors and signaling pathways involved.o Intestinal development and repair: Effects of microorganisms and their metabolites on intestinal epithelial proliferation and differentiation, crypt–villus organization, mucus layer maturation, barrier establishment, stem cell function, and tissue repair.o Microbial metabolites and functional effector molecules: Identification and functional characterization of microbial metabolites, secreted proteins, and other bioactive molecules, as well as their metabolic pathways and host targets.o Life-stage and spatiotemporal specificity: Dynamic changes in the microbiota–metabolite–host axis during early-life colonization, adulthood, and aging, and their effects on intestinal homeostasis, development, and regeneration.o Microbiota-targeted interventions and translational research: Mechanisms of action and translational potential of probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, dietary components, and other microbiota-targeted interventions for promoting intestinal health, alleviating inflammation, and preventing or treating intestinal diseases. Topic editors: Quazi T. H. Shubhra, Huachun Pan, Shumin Yang Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/87199/host-microbiota-interactions-mechanistic-insights-into-the-regulation-of-intestinal-inflammation-and-development-by-beneficial-microbes-and-their-metabolites