Immune dysregulation across the female reproductive life course: from implantation and pregnancy loss to malignancies

The female reproductive system undergoes continuous immunological adaptation throughout the reproductive life course, with finely regulated interactions between innate and adaptive immune pathways governing implantation, maternal-fetal tolerance, pregnancy maintenance, and reproductive health. Dysregulation of these processes contributes to a broad spectrum of conditions, including recurrent pregnancy loss, implantation failure, gynecological infections, cervical neoplasia, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Increasing evidence highlights the roles of uterine natural killer cells, regulatory T cells, cytokine and chemokine networks, complement activation, and extracellular vesicles in determining reproductive outcomes. Advances in immunogenetics, multi-omics technologies, and high-dimensional immune profiling are providing unprecedented opportunities for biomarker discovery and precision reproductive medicine.This Research Topic is a comprehensive forum for cutting-edge research addressing immune mechanisms across the female reproductive life course. Particular focus is placed on adverse pregnancy complications, including RPL. Studies exploring maternal-fetal immune tolerance, cytokine imbalance, regulatory immune-cell function, immune biomarkers, and novel therapeutic approaches are especially encouraged. We also welcome studies identifying immunological biomarkers for early risk prediction and novel therapeutic targets.Beyond pregnancy loss, we invite contributions addressing:• Immune biomarkers and disease prediction: identification and validation of cytokines, chemokines, angiogenic factors, autoantibodies, and circulating biomarkers for risk stratification and clinical decision-making.• Thrombosis, inflammation, and reproductive outcomes: the interplay between immune activation, coagulation pathways, vascular dysfunction, and adverse reproductive outcomes, including recurrent pregnancy loss and implantation failure.• Immunogenetics and reproductive susceptibility: the contribution of immune-related genetic variation, cytokine gene polymorphisms, and immune regulatory pathways to reproductive health and disease.• Gynecological infections and inflammation: Uterine and cervical immunology in infection and inflammation, host–pathogen interactions, mucosal immune responses, and mechanisms linking persistent infection or inflammation with reproductive pathology.• Multi-omics and systems immunology: integration of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and immune profiling to uncover mechanistic pathways and clinically actionable signatures.• PCOS and Polycystic/Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS): the interplay between chronic low-grade inflammation, immune cell dysfunction, and metabolic-endocrine disturbances.By integrating immunological, molecular, and clinical perspectives, this Research Topic seeks to advance understanding of how immune dysregulation contributes to reproductive pathology across the life course, and to identify opportunities for improved diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.We welcome Original Research, Reviews, Mini Reviews, and Case Reports covering (but not limited to) the areas outlined above. Note: articles focused solely on ultrasound findings, without addressing immune-related mechanisms relevant to the prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of autoimmune/reproductive disorders, are considered outside the scope of this Research Topic. Topic editors: Wassim Y Almawi, Gulzhanat Aimagambetova, Malini Laloraya Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/85790/immune-dysregulation-across-the-female-reproductive-life-course-from-implantation-and-pregnancy-loss-to-malignancies