Immune network dynamics and the origins of autoimmune disease

Autoimmune disease research encompasses the intricate mechanisms by which the immune system mistakenly targets the body’s own tissues. Despite significant progress, the precise pathways linking antigen-specific immune responses to the onset of autoimmune sequelae remain poorly understood. The recent emergence of conditions such as Guillain-Barré Syndrome in the context of Long Covid has further underscored the need to understand post-infection autoimmunity. Key concepts, such as immune network dysregulation, antigen spreading, immune jumping, and the reactivation of self-reactive B cells in cytokine-rich environments; highlight the complexity of disease initiation and progression. Although substantial attention has been paid to immune dysfunctions and aberrant cellular responses, a comprehensive understanding of the triggers and perpetuating processes in post-infectious and vaccine-associated autoimmunity remains elusive.This Research Topic aims to advance our understanding of the molecular and cellular foundations of post-infection and vaccine-induced autoimmune conditions. By attracting original research and integrative reviews, we seek to clarify how activated immune networks and specific signaling pathways foster autoimmune reactions. Central to this goal is the identification of critical molecular events, regulatory failures, and the contextual interplay between immune cells, antigens, and cytokines. Insights gained may provide the rationale for novel, targeted therapeutic strategies, moving beyond existing interventions such as monoclonal antibodies and towards network-disrupting or disease-specific modalities.The scope of this Research Topic is focused on exploring the mechanistic landscape of secondary autoimmune diseases arising from infection or vaccination, while also drawing connections to primary autoimmune processes. Submissions may address, but are not limited to, the following key themes:o Pathways and mechanisms underlying epitope spreading in autoimmunityo The role of cytokines and inflammatory milieus in post-infection autoimmune reactionso Regulatory T cell (Treg) function and dysregulation following infection or vaccinationo Innovative therapeutic strategies beyond conventional monoclonal antibodieso Predictive biomarkers and methods for early detection of rare autoimmune complicationso Mechanisms of intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg) therapy in modulating autoimmune diseaseso Comparative studies on primary vs. secondary autoimmunity with implications for disease onset and progressionAppendix: We welcome original research as the preferred manuscript type, as well as comprehensive reviews addressing past, current, and future directions in the field. Topic editors: Heinz Kohler, Srinivas Kaveri, Gregg Joshua Silverman Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/84684/immune-network-dynamics-and-the-origins-of-autoimmune-disease