Immunity, inflammation, tissue recovery, and intervention strategies against acute respiratory virus infection

Acute respiratory viral infections, including influenza, COVID-19, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), remain major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. These infections often progress to pneumonia and severe respiratory syndromes that pose significant threats to global health. Although specific antiviral treatments exist for influenza and COVID‑19, targeted therapeutics for most other respiratory viruses remain unavailable. Furthermore, rapid genetic variation in viruses such as influenza and SARS‑CoV‑2 continues to undermine antiviral efficacy and contribute to drug resistance. A deeper understanding of the shared pathogenic mechanisms underlying acute respiratory viral infections is, therefore, urgently needed. In particular, dissecting the interactions between viruses and their hosts, the induction and resolution of inflammatory responses, and the processes of immune-mediated tissue recovery after infection are crucial for guiding the development of broad-spectrum antiviral strategies.This Research Topic aims to gather original research and scholarly discussions that enhance our understanding of host immunity, inflammation, and repair in the context of acute respiratory virus infection. By integrating mechanistic, translational, and early-phase experimental findings, this topic seeks to uncover how the host immune system modulates viral infection outcomes and tissue repair processes, and how these insights can inform the design of immunologically based interventions. We particularly welcome studies elucidating novel immune pathways, antiviral defense strategies, regulatory cytokine networks, and the interplay between host responses and viral evasion. In addition, experimental studies proposing host-targeted immunomodulatory approaches that confer broad-spectrum protection against respiratory viruses are encouraged. We welcome submissions in the form of Original Research, Review, Opinion, and Case Report articles.To gather further insights into the immunopathological landscape of acute respiratory viral infections, we invite contributions addressing—though not limited to—the following themes:• Host-virus interactions at the cellular and molecular levels during acute respiratory viral infection• Host immune mechanisms and viral immune evasion strategies• Inflammatory response initiation, amplification, and resolution in acute respiratory viral diseases• Immune-mediated tissue recovery and repair mechanisms following viral-induced lung injury• Host-directed and immunomodulatory intervention strategies in pre-clinical investigations• Convergent pathogenetic pathways and broad-spectrum intervention concepts against respiratory viral infections Topic editors: Ismail Ogulur, Shuye Zhang, Weihui Fu, Daxing Gao Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/85154/immunity-inflammation-tissue-recovery-and-intervention-strategies-against-acute-respiratory-virus-infection