Inflammatory Gut Microecology and Antimicrobial Resistance: Dysbiosis, Resistome Evolution, and Precision Interventions

The inflammatory gut ecosystem is a dynamic interface in which microbial communities, host immunity, metabolism, and antimicrobial exposure interact to shape health and disease. Recent research shows that inflammatory bowel disease, enteric infection, metabolic inflammation, antibiotic treatment, dietary disruption, and environmental stress can reduce microbial diversity, impair colonization resistance, and promote the expansion of opportunistic and multidrug-resistant organisms. Inflammation may further alter nutrient availability, oxygen gradients, redox conditions, immune pressure, and microbial metabolism, creating selective niches that favor resistant, persistent, or tolerant populations. Metagenomic and culture-based studies have identified diverse resistance genes and mobile genetic elements, including plasmids, transposons, and integrons, in human, animal, and environmental gut communities. However, important questions remain concerning the directionality of interactions between inflammation and resistome evolution, the contribution of specific taxa and metabolites to resistance dissemination, and the extent to which findings from experimental systems translate to clinical and One Health settings. Integrative investigations are needed to connect ecological changes with molecular mechanisms and actionable interventions.This Research Topic aims to clarify how intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis influence antimicrobial resistance, resistome dynamics, pathogen colonization, and bacterial tolerance. It will examine the ecological, evolutionary, molecular, metabolic, and host-mediated processes that drive resistance gene enrichment and horizontal gene transfer under inflammatory or antibiotic pressure. The Research Topic also seeks to identify biomarkers and predictive models of resistance risk, define mechanisms that preserve or restore colonization resistance, and evaluate precision interventions that reduce resistant populations without compromising beneficial microbiota. Studies integrating clinical, veterinary, experimental, computational, and One Health perspectives are encouraged.To gather further insights into inflammatory gut ecosystems and their relationship with antimicrobial resistance, this Research Topic will focus on mechanistic, translational, and intervention-oriented studies while recognizing the limitations of model systems, cohort designs, and currently available resistome-surveillance methods. We welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:o Resistome evolution during intestinal inflammation, infection, or antibiotic exposureo Dysbiosis and antimicrobial resistance in inflammatory bowel disease and metabolic inflammationo Gut colonization resistance against multidrug-resistant pathogenso Mobile genetic elements and horizontal transfer of resistance geneso Metabolic, immune, and ecological drivers of bacterial persistence and toleranceo Diet–microbiome–resistome interactionso Microbiome changes and resistance risks in livestock and other animal-production systemso Metagenomic, metatranscriptomic, metabolomic, single-cell, and culturomics approacheso Computational tools for resistome surveillance, prediction, and risk assessmento Organoid, in vitro gut, animal, and experimental evolution modelso Microbiome restoration, probiotics, prebiotics, and postbioticso Bacteriophage therapy, targeted antimicrobials, and fecal microbiota transplantationo Multi-omics-guided precision interventions and biomarker discovery Topic editors: Kai Peng, Cemil Kurekci, Ji Cheng Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/83907/inflammatory-gut-microecology-and-antimicrobial-resistance-dysbiosis-resistome-evolution-and-precision-interventions