Innate immune mechanisms and biomarker discovery in antiphospholipid syndrome

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a multifactorial autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) that drive thrombotic events and pregnancy morbidity. Despite the well-established role of aPL in the disease, their presence alone does not always result in clinical manifestations, suggesting the involvement of secondary inflammatory triggers. The “two-hit” hypothesis, wherein aPL sensitize the vascular or placental milieu while a second insult activates pathological cascades, remains a central concept. Mounting experimental and clinical evidence implicates innate immune components—including complement, cytokines, and myeloid or natural killer cells—in mediating vascular inflammation and tissue injury. Yet, the precise mechanisms linking these innate mediators to the pro-thrombotic state remain incompletely understood, emphasizing the need for deeper mechanistic insights and refined biomarkers.This Research Topic aims to dissect the role of innate immune pathways and their contribution to disease progression, bridging molecular mechanisms with clinical outcomes. By integrating current immunological advances and leveraging new technologies such as single-cell sequencing and proteomics, this initiative seeks to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Specific objectives include defining the signaling networks triggered by aPL in innate immune cells, exploring their interaction with endothelial and placental function, and elucidating how these processes shape thromboinflammatory responses. A better understanding of these mechanisms could guide innovative precision-based interventions and improve outcomes for patients with APS.To gather further insights into innate immune dysregulation and biomarker identification in APS, we welcome manuscripts addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:• Identification and characterization of innate immune cell receptors in endothelium, neutrophils, monocytes, and NK cells.• Analysis of intracellular signaling pathways activated by aPL in these cells.• Application of single-cell and high-dimensional omics technologies in patient-derived samples.• Cross-talk between innate immunity, coagulation, and placental cell function.• Experimental and animal models replicating APS-related inflammatory and thrombotic processes.• Novel therapeutic strategies targeting innate immune pathways. Topic editors: PARESH KULKARNI, Pier Luigi Meroni, Prem Prakash, Saravanan Subramaniam, Vijay Kumar Sonkar Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/81678/innate-immune-mechanisms-and-biomarker-discovery-in-antiphospholipid-syndrome