Innovations and Challenges in Neuro-Anesthesiology

Neuro-anesthesiology is a rapidly evolving subspecialty focusing on the perioperative care of patients undergoing surgeries or interventions involving the central and peripheral nervous systems. As neurosurgical procedures and neurocritical care become increasingly complex, anesthesiologists are tasked with maintaining optimal cerebral perfusion, minimizing secondary brain injury, and optimizing neurological outcomes. Recent advances in brain monitoring, neuroimaging, and pharmacology have transformed the delivery of anesthetic care in this challenging setting. Understanding the interplay between anesthesia, cerebral physiology, and systemic responses is crucial for both patient safety and improved recovery, especially in populations with unique vulnerabilities such as pediatric and elderly patients.Despite significant progress, numerous challenges persist in neuro-anesthesiology. There is a continued need to refine strategies for neuroprotection, perioperative brain monitoring, and individualized anesthesia protocols that minimize complications such as postoperative cognitive dysfunction or intraoperative awareness. Furthermore, the perioperative management of patients with cerebrovascular disease, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative conditions remains contentious, with evolving best practices emerging from both clinical trials and translational research. This Research Topic aims to bring together leading experts and clinicians to critically review recent gains and ongoing controversies. We seek original research and reflective reviews exploring innovations such as functional brain mapping, multimodal neuromonitoring, minimally invasive neurosurgical anesthesia, and novel pharmacological agents. By synthesizing the latest advances, this collection will serve as a resource to drive evidence-based practice and stimulate collaborative research in neuro-anesthesiology.This Research Topic welcomes contributions addressing, but not limited to:• Perioperative neuro-monitoring (EEG, NIRS, ICP, TCD)• Anesthetic management in neurocritical care and neurosurgery• Neuroprotection and strategies for improved neurological outcomes• Management of patients with traumatic brain injury, stroke, hemorrhage, and neurodegenerative conditions• Pediatric and geriatric neuro-anesthesiology• Innovations in neurosurgical techniques and their anesthetic implications• Postoperative neurocognitive outcomes and their preventionWe invite Original Research articles, Systematic Reviews, Brief Reports, Case Studies, and Opinion pieces that provide new insights or synthesize existing evidence. Submissions should emphasize translational relevance and clinical impact for anesthesiologists and intensivists involved in neurocritical care. Topic editors: Marco Echeverria-Villalobos, Juan Fiorda Diaz, Ruben Azocar Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/77046/innovations-and-challenges-in-neuro-anesthesiology