Integrative Perspectives on CSF Biomarkers in the Phenotyping and Management of Multiple Sclerosis

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis has long been an essential tool in the study and management of neurological diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis (MS). While the presence of CSF-restricted oligoclonal bands has historically played a role in MS diagnosis, emerging biomarkers such as kappa-neurofilament light chains and brain-specific proteins are increasingly recognized for their value in characterizing disease activity, predicting progression, and understanding underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Despite significant advances, ambiguity remains in differentiating MS phenotypes and forecasting individual patient trajectories. Critical areas of debate persist regarding the specificity, sensitivity, and prognostic utility of a range of CSF biomarkers, as well as their utility in evaluating treatment response and disease modification. Newer technologies have also enabled multiplex assessment of immunological and neurodegenerative markers in CSF, providing deeper insights but raising additional questions about standardization, interpretation, and clinical translation.This Research Topic aims to consolidate current knowledge and foster innovative research on the utility of CSF biomarkers in multiple sclerosis. The primary objectives are to elucidate the roles of classic and novel CSF biomarkers, such as oligoclonal bands, kappa-neurofilament light chains, intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis, and brain-specific proteins, in diagnosing and monitoring MS. Furthermore, researchers are encouraged to address how these biomarkers can contribute to disease phenotyping, assess prognosis at both the individual and population level, and guide therapeutic strategies, especially in the context of various disease-modifying treatments. Uncovering the mechanistic links between these biomarkers and clinical outcomes remains a central question.To gather further insights into the evolving spectrum of CSF biomarker research in MS, we welcome articles that are within the domains of laboratory, translational, and clinical studies but focused specifically on MS. Submissions may address, but are not limited to, the following themes:• Diagnostic performance of established and candidate CSF biomarkers• Role of CSF biomarkers in distinguishing MS subtypes and phenotypes• Prognostic value of CSF markers for disease progression and therapy response• Mechanisms underlying intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis and neurodegeneration• Impact of disease-modifying therapies on CSF biomarker profiles• Standardization and methodological challenges in CSF biomarker analysis• Comparative analyses of CSF, blood, and imaging biomarkers in MS Topic editors: Alina Gonzalez-Quevedo, Sergio Gonzalez-Garcia Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/80154/integrative-perspectives-on-csf-biomarkers-in-the-phenotyping-and-management-of-multiple-sclerosis