Lifestyle-driven low-grade inflammation: Immunometabolic, hormonal and microenvironmental determinants across chronic inflammatory diseases

Chronic inflammatory diseases have traditionally been investigated as distinct clinical entities. However, growing evidence indicates that many of these conditions share a common pathophysiological substrate: persistent, low-grade systemic inflammation influenced by modifiable lifestyle and metabolic factors. Sedentary behavior, visceral adiposity, sarcopenia, sleep disruption, psychosocial stress, dietary patterns, environmental exposures, and hormonal imbalance contribute to a sustained pro-inflammatory milieu that often precedes overt disease. These conditions may represent subclinical inflammatory phenotypes that increase susceptibility to autoimmune, cardiometabolic, neurodegenerative, respiratory, dermatologic, and endocrine disorders. Adipose tissue dysfunction, skeletal muscle loss, and endocrine alterations interact with immune pathways through immunometabolic reprogramming, microbiota modulation, and epigenetic regulation. Understanding this interconnected lifestyle–immune axis is essential for better characterizing early inflammatory states and their contribution to chronic disease development and progression.This Research Topic aims to conceptualize low-grade chronic inflammation as a biological continuum linking lifestyle-associated inflammatory states to established chronic inflammatory diseases. We seek to integrate mechanistic, translational, and clinical perspectives that elucidate how modifiable factors shape immune function and inflammatory burden across the lifespan.Specifically, this Research Topic intends to:- Examine immunometabolic mechanisms underlying visceral adiposity, sarcopenia, and metabolic dysfunction;- Explore hormonal–immune interactions in both men and women, including age-related endocrine changes;- Identify biomarkers and inflammatory load indices that reflect lifestyle-driven immune dysregulation; and- Advance systems-level models integrating diet, physical activity, sleep, microbiota composition, and endocrine status.By reframing chronic inflammatory diseases within a shared, lifestyle-driven inflammatory framework, this Research Topic aims to foster early detection strategies, preventive approaches, and precision interventions targeting modifiable immune pathways before irreversible pathology is established.We welcome original research articles, reviews, systematic reviews, clinical studies, translational investigations, and multi-omics approaches that address the interplay between lifestyle factors and chronic low-grade inflammation. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, immunometabolic mechanisms linking visceral adiposity and inflammation; muscle–immune crosstalk and myokine regulation; sex hormones and immune modulation; microbiota–immune–metabolic networks; inflammaging and premature immune aging; biomarkers of lifestyle-associated inflammatory load; and preventive or therapeutic lifestyle interventions targeting immune pathways.Submissions may span basic, clinical, epidemiological, and systems biology research, provided they clearly address immune mechanisms underlying chronic inflammatory states. Interdisciplinary studies integrating nutrition, physical activity, endocrine regulation, and metabolic health within an immunological framework are particularly encouraged.Please note that manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analyses of public genomic or transcriptomic databases, without robust and relevant validation (clinical cohort validation or biological validation in vitro or in vivo), are out of scope for this Research Topic. Topic editors: Vidya Mohamed-Ali, Francesco Neri Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/79480/lifestyle-driven-low-grade-inflammation-immunometabolic-hormonal-and-microenvironmental-determinants-across-chronic-inflammatory-diseases