Linking Structure–Multifunctionality in Natural Forests: From Coupling Mechanisms to Adaptive Management

Natural forests provide multiple functions simultaneously—from carbon sequestration and water regulation to biodiversity conservation. However, the mechanisms by which forest structure (e.g., three-dimensional architecture, species composition, and spatial heterogeneity) drives this multifunctionality remain poorly understood. While remote sensing and AI offer new opportunities to quantify structure at scale, much current research either focuses on structural parameter estimation as an end in itself or treats functions in isolation. A synthesis that explicitly links structural measurements to multifunctional outcomes is urgently needed to inform adaptive management under environmental change.This Research Topic aims to establish a coherent framework for understanding how forest structure governs multifunctionality in natural forests, with a clear pathway from mechanistic insights to adaptive management. We seek contributions that explicitly link structural measurements (e.g., LiDAR, plot inventories, dendrometers) to functional variables related to multifunctionality (e.g., productivity, carbon/water cycling, hydraulic traits, biodiversity support). While advanced methods such as deep learning and explainable AI are welcomed, they must serve ecological understanding rather than pursue pure prediction accuracy. The ultimate goal is to generate generalizable rules about structure–multifunctionality relationships that can guide management decisions. We particularly encourage studies that compare across forest types or environmental gradients, and those that translate mechanistic findings into practical recommendations for maintaining or enhancing multifunctionality in natural forests.The scope of this Research Topic includes, but is not limited to:• Empirical or modeling studies that link structural measurements to multifunctionality-related variables in natural forests• Investigations of coupling mechanisms through which structure mediates forest functions (e.g., carbon, water, biodiversity)• Methodological advances that use LiDAR, remote sensing, or AI/XAI to elucidate structure–multifunctionality relationships, provided the ecological question remains central• Comparative studies across forest types, climate gradients, or disturbance regimes• Translational research that connects mechanistic understanding to adaptive management for sustaining multifunctionality• Conceptual or review papers that synthesize existing knowledge or propose new hypotheses on structure–multifunctionality couplingNote: This topic is distinct from those focused solely on structural parameter estimation or monitoring accuracy; here, structure is treated as the input to an ecological question about multifunctionality.-------We welcome contributions from researchers across the field, and we are glad to support you as you prepare your submission. If you would like early feedback on whether your planned manuscript fits the scope of this Research Topic, please write to us at plantscience@frontiersin.org before submitting. A quick check at this stage helps confirm your work is a strong fit and can save you time later in the process.To take part, click “Participate in this topic” at the top right of this page, then confirm through the “Participate” link in the follow-up email. This lets us know to expect your contribution, keeps you informed of key deadlines, and gives you access to resources that guide you through submission. We look forward to your participation and to building a vibrant, cohesive Research Topic together. Topic editors: Lingbo Dong, Zhonghua Zhao, Huiquan Bi, Pete Bettinger, Sebastian Leuzinger Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/82309/linking-structure-multifunctionality-in-natural-forests-from-coupling-mechanisms-to-adaptive-management