Microbiota-Immune Interactions: A New Frontier in Cancer Treatment Optimization Volume II

This Research Topic is the second volume of the series on "Microbiota-Immune Interactions: A New Frontier in Cancer Treatment Optimization". Please see the first volume of this Research Topic here The microbiome, particularly in the gut, can potently modulate the efficacy and toxicity of immunotherapy treatments such as PD1 immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cells and haematopoietic cell transplant (HCT), across a range of cancer types. This activity has been attributed to a diverse set of interactions between bacteria, fungi and viruses and the products they produce, and host innate and adaptive immune cells at both mucosal surfaces and systemically. Early clinical trials have found that microbiota targeting interventions, such as faecal microbiome transplant can improve immunotherapy outcomes, including reversing resistance to PD1 in patients and reducing graft versus host disease following HCT. There is now an immense interest in uncovering the optimal methods to target the microbiome to make immunotherapies safer and more effective, predicting patient responses based on microbiome composition and exploring the immune-microbiota interactions that can tip the balance of immunotherapy success or failure.We aim to improve the knowledge on the role of microbiota, fundamental feature of the host environment, and its intricate interactions with the tumor and the immune system. This will contribute to the identification of predictive, prognostic and monitoring biomarkers in cancer patients treated with immunotherapy allowing a better clinical management of the patients.A deeper investigation of this intriguing field could seek to unveil novel targetable axis between microbes and the immune system and new therapeutic strategies that could results in more effective cures for cancer. The goal of this Research Topic is to collect cutting-edge research and disseminate our understanding on the role on microbiota in modulating the anti-tumor immunity.We invite authors to submit original research and review articles, short communications and commentaries related to recent advances in:1. Preclinical studies describing microbiota-immune interactions that impact immunotherapy outcomes2. Correlative studies of microbiota composition and immunotherapy outcomes in patients3. Studies describing methods to target microbiota to improve immunotherapy outcomes4. Microbiota-host interactions that modulate innate and adaptive immune responsesWe, as Topic Editors of this Research Topic, look forward to receiving and reviewing your submissions to defining the present state of the art of this emerging and interesting topic.Please note that manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by robust and relevant validation (clinical cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this Research Topic.Topic Editor Stephen Blake receives financial support from BIOM Pharmaceuticals. The other Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regard to the Research Topic subject Topic editors: Stephen Blake, Lorenzo Mortara Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/80361/microbiota-immune-interactions-a-new-frontier-in-cancer-treatment-optimization-volume-ii