Nano-Immuno-Engineering: Transforming Therapeutics and Vaccines for Infectious Diseases

Nano-immuno-engineering is an interdisciplinary field integrating nanotechnology, immunology, and infectious disease research to improve the prevention and treatment of infections. The continuing emergence of pathogens, increasing antimicrobial resistance, and the limitations of conventional vaccines and therapeutics—including inadequate immunogenicity, systemic toxicity, poor pharmacokinetics, and inefficient delivery—underscore the need for more effective and adaptable approaches. Recent advances have demonstrated the potential of lipid nanoparticles, mRNA vaccine platforms, virus-like particles, polymeric nanocarriers, and exosome-based systems to enhance antigen stability, facilitate targeted delivery, promote immune activation, and overcome biological barriers. The clinical deployment of lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccines has provided a landmark example of the translational impact of nanotechnology in infectious disease control. However, important gaps remain in understanding long-term safety, manufacturing scalability, regulatory pathways, biodistribution, immune variability, and performance across human and veterinary settings. Further investigation is needed to connect fundamental nano-immuno-engineering innovations with clinically relevant, safe, and scalable solutions.This Research Topic aims to examine real-world applications and translational developments in nano-immuno-engineering for infectious disease prevention and therapy. It will highlight vaccine platforms, drug delivery systems, and immunomodulatory nanotechnologies that are under active investigation in human or veterinary clinical trials, or that have demonstrated robust preclinical efficacy with clear potential for translation. Contributions should address how these technologies improve therapeutic or preventive outcomes, overcome antimicrobial resistance, enable precision immunomodulation, and meet clinical, regulatory, safety, and manufacturing requirements.To gather further insights into clinically relevant and translational nano-immuno-engineering strategies for infectious diseases, this Research Topic welcomes articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:• Clinically advanced nanotechnology-based vaccine platforms, including lipid nanoparticles, virus-like particles, and polymeric nanocarriers• Exosome-based and other bio-inspired nanocarriers for targeted delivery in infectious diseases• Immunomodulatory nanoparticles demonstrating efficacy in vivo or in translational models• Nanotechnology-enabled strategies to prevent or overcome antimicrobial resistance• Personalized nano-immunotherapy, including precision delivery platforms and immune reprogramming• Nanotechnology-based approaches for improving antigen stability, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and immune activation• Translational studies evaluating nano-immunotherapeutics in human or veterinary infectious disease models• Regulatory, safety, toxicological, and manufacturing considerations for clinical translation• Scalability, quality control, reproducibility, and commercialization of nano-immunotherapeutic platforms Topic editors: Ganesh Yadagiri, Shyam Lal Mudavath, Ashish Kumar Agrawal, Hamed Kalani Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/70858/nano-immuno-engineering-transforming-therapeutics-and-vaccines-for-infectious-diseases