Neuroinflammation and Therapeutic modulation in neuroprogressive disorders

Neuroprogressive disorders, particularly Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia, are increasingly recognized as multifactorial conditions involving chronic neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic impairment, and progressive neuronal damage. Emerging evidence also highlights the critical role of the gut–brain axis in the pathophysiology of these disorders, demonstrating that alterations in gut microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, immune activation, and neuroimmune communication may contribute to cognitive decline, behavioral disturbances, and disease progression. In both Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia, dysregulation of gut–brain signaling has been associated with systemic inflammation, neurotransmitter imbalance, cholinergic dysfunction, and impaired neural plasticity, reinforcing the importance of understanding peripheral and central mechanisms involved in neuroprogression.This Research Topic aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the understanding of neuroinflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic modulation in neuroprogressive disorders. We welcome original research articles, reviews, mini-reviews, and translational studies investigating molecular, cellular, and systemic pathways associated with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, microglial activation, cytokine signaling, oxidative stress, gut–brain axis interactions, cholinergic dysfunction, mitochondrial impairment, synaptic plasticity, and neuroimmune communication.In addition, this topic seeks to highlight emerging and innovative therapeutic approaches targeting inflammatory and neurodegenerative pathways, with a particular emphasis on immunomodulatory therapies, drug repurposing for neuroprotection, and multi-target therapeutic strategies that simultaneously modulate interconnected pathological mechanisms involved in neuroprogression. We especially encourage studies investigating how therapeutic interventions targeting neuroimmune signaling, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic impairment, and neuronal survival may influence disease progression in Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, and related disorders. Particular attention will be given to stage-matched therapeutic windows, especially studies evaluating whether early therapeutic intervention can alter long-term neuroprogressive trajectories, delay cognitive decline, attenuate behavioral impairments, or prevent irreversible neuronal damage. This perspective may provide important insights into critical periods of therapeutic responsiveness and help develop more precise and effective intervention strategies.We also welcome experimental and translational studies exploring drug repurposing approaches to identify clinically available compounds with neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, or immunomodulatory properties that can be rapidly translated into clinical practice. In parallel, studies investigating medicinal plants, natural products, and bioactive compounds with immunomodulatory and neuroprotective potential are strongly encouraged, particularly those capable of targeting multiple pathological pathways simultaneously. Research addressing mechanisms of action, modulation of inflammatory and neurodegenerative biomarkers, therapeutic efficacy, and long-term cognitive and behavioral outcomes will be highly relevant to this Research Topic.Moreover, we encourage investigations integrating molecular, cellular, and systemic approaches to better understand how multi-target therapies may reshape neuroprogressive trajectories across different stages of disease development. Studies combining experimental models, translational neuroscience, and clinical perspectives may help identify novel therapeutic targets and establish innovative intervention strategies focused on disease modification rather than solely on symptomatic management. This framework is intended to promote scientifically precise and translationally relevant advances in understanding and therapeutically modulating neuroprogressive disorders. Topic editors: Graziele Freitas de Bem, Juliana Vasques, Cristiane Aguiar Da Costa, Noureddine DJEBLI Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/82095/neuroinflammation-and-therapeutic-modulation-in-neuroprogressive-disorders