Neurophysiological Biomarkers and Targeted Neuromodulation in Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. However, their pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood, and treatment responses vary significantly across individuals. In recent years, neurophysiological biomarkers—derived from electroencephalography (EEG), event-related potentials (ERP), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)—have shown promise in characterizing the neural correlates of mood disorders. Concurrently, targeted neuromodulation techniques such as neurofeedback and brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer new opportunities for personalized, physiology-guided interventions.This Research Topic aims to bring together basic, translational, and clinical research that emphasizes methodological integration—combining multiple biomarker modalities or linking biomarkers directly to closed-loop neuromodulation. We particularly encourage contributions that address reproducibility, biomarker validation, prospective prediction of treatment response, and translational relevance.We welcome submissions addressing, but not limited to, the following topics:- EEG, ERP, fNIRS, and/or MRI biomarkers associated with mood disorders (unimodal or multimodal)- Integration of neurophysiological biomarkers to improve mechanistic understanding of emotional regulation, reward processing, and cognitive control- Neurofeedback or BCI-based interventions guided by EEG, ERP, fNIRS, or MRI-derived targets- Neurophysiological predictors of treatment response, relapse, or symptom improvement using EEG, ERP, fNIRS, or MRI- Brain network targets and circuit-based models derived from multimodal neuroimaging- Closed-loop or adaptive neuromodulation strategies using real-time physiological feedback (e.g., EEG-triggered neurofeedback, BCI)- Combined interventions: neurofeedback/BCI plus cognitive training, psychotherapy, or other non-pharmacological approaches- Clinical validation studies, reproducibility-focused research, and translational investigations with clear therapeutic potentialWe welcome Original Research, Reviews, Methods, Perspectives, and other article types that contribute to mechanistic understanding and improved treatment of mood disorders. Studies with strong translational implications, clear clinical relevance, and a focus on reproducibility are particularly encouraged. Topic editors: Li Wan, Xiaoming Li, Mehmet Guven Gunver, Yasemin Hoşgören Alıcı Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/80646/neurophysiological-biomarkers-and-targeted-neuromodulation-in-major-depressive-disorder-and-bipolar-disorder