Next-generation biopolymer nanocarriers: advancements in targeted delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutics

The field of nanobiotechnology is rapidly evolving, with significant emphasis on natural, biological, and hybrid nanocarriers for precision medicine. Recent advances have directed attention toward polysaccharide- and lipid-based nanoparticles, capitalizing on their inherent biocompatibility, tunable surface chemistry, and ability to deliver a wide range of therapeutic agents. While metallic nanomaterials have shown exceptional promise in areas such as oncology and imaging, there is a recognized need for materials that offer greater safety profiles, biodegradability, and potential for functionalization with bioactive compounds and diagnostics, particularly for sensitive applications such as neurological and metabolic disorders.Despite an expanding body of literature showcasing the successes of biopolymer-based carriers in drug delivery, critical challenges persist regarding stability, large-scale production, and tailored tissue or organ targeting. Recent studies have revealed that marine- and plant-derived polysaccharides, carbon quantum dots, and lipid nanocarriers can facilitate improved crossing of biological barriers, enhanced accumulation in target tissues, and reduced off-target effects, thus laying groundwork for both therapeutic and theranostic strategies. However, gaps remain in the translational pipeline—from optimizing carrier properties and exploring new sources of biopolymers to validating these systems in clinical settings and uncovering their interactions with immune and metabolic pathways.This Research Topic aims to assemble original research, reviews, and perspectives that advance our understanding and application of biopolymer-based and lipid nanocarriers in contemporary drug delivery and theranostics. We seek to highlight not only technical and biological innovations but also translational and regulatory perspectives. The ultimate goal is to foster the development of highly selective, minimally invasive, and truly personalized therapeutic vehicles, drawing upon sustainable and functional materials.To gather further insights in the rational design, evaluation, and application of polysaccharide- and lipid-based nanocarriers for biomedical uses, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:- Rational engineering and synthesis of polysaccharide and lipid nanoparticles for drug delivery- Biophysical and in vivo characterization of nanocarriers and their interactions with biological systems- Polysaccharide-derived quantum dots and theranostics- Applications in crossing biological barriers (e.g., blood-brain, mucosal membranes)- Nanoformulations for the targeted delivery of bioactive compounds, peptides, and small molecules- Hybrid and marine-based biopolymer carriers: innovations and case studies- Regulatory, safety, and translational challenges in clinical application- Sustainability and green chemistry approaches to nanocarrier development Topic editors: Aditya Singh, GUNOSINDHU CHAKRABORTHY, Shubhrat Maheshwari Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/85288/next-generation-biopolymer-nanocarriers-advancements-in-targeted-delivery-diagnostics-and-therapeutics