Nutrition-Driven Gut Microbiota Modulation of Immunometabolism in Cardiometabolic and Immune Health

The gut microbiota is a key mediator between diet, immune regulation, and host metabolic health. Alterations in gut microbial composition and function have been associated with obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Several mechanisms may contribute to these associations, such as impaired intestinal barrier integrity, endotoxemia, altered microbial metabolite production, and chronic low-grade inflammation. Nutritional interventions, including specific dietary patterns, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fermented foods, and feeding-timing strategies, can reshape these microbial ecosystems. However, many studies still report diet-microbiome associations descriptively, without establishing the mechanisms linking nutrition, the gut microbiota and cardiometabolic health. Further work is needed to establish how diet-induced changes in microbial function and composition affect intestinal and systemic immune responses and whether these changes contribute directly to improvements or deterioration in metabolic health, leaving a mechanistic gap that limits clinical translation. Addressing this mechanistic gap is essential for translating microbiome research into effective nutritional strategies. This Research Topic aims to improve our understanding of how nutrition-driven modulation of the gut microbiota influences host immune function, and how this diet-microbe-immune axis shapes cardiometabolic health. The focus is on how dietary components and microbiota-targeted interventions alter microbial metabolite production, gut barrier integrity, and innate and adaptive immune responses, and how these changes contribute to metabolic inflammation, insulin resistance, and cardiometabolic risk. We particularly seek contributions that move beyond broad microbiome profiling to identify causal or functional diet-microbe-immune pathways, biomarkers of response, and microbiota-targeted strategies for precision nutrition. By bringing together basic, translational, and clinical research, this collection will clarify how microbiota-targeted nutritional approaches can be used to prevent or manage metabolic inflammation and cardiometabolic disorders, provided the nutrition-microbiota-immune link is made explicit.We welcome Original Research, Clinical Trials, Brief Research Reports, Methods, Data Reports, Reviews, Mini Reviews, Systematic Reviews, Perspectives, and Hypothesis and Theory articles. Submissions must clearly link a nutritional or dietary exposure, the gut microbiota, and an immune or inflammatory mechanism. Topics of interest include: ● Nutritional modulation of gut microbiota composition, function, and metabolite production in cardiometabolic health.● Dietary, probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic, and postbiotic modulation of gut microbiota composition and metabolite production, and their downstream immune effects.● Microbial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, tryptophan derivatives) as mediators of innate and adaptive immune responses.● Gut barrier integrity, intestinal permeability, endotoxemia, and low-grade inflammation in diet-microbiota-host interactions.● Chrononutrition, time-restricted eating, and circadian regulation of microbiota-immune crosstalk.● Host-microbe-immune signaling in obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and MASLD.● Next-generation probiotics, microbiota-derived interventions, and multi-omics biomarkers of microbiota-immune responses for precision nutrition. Topic editors: Natalia Diaz-Garrido, Adrián Cortés-Martín Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/85590/nutrition-driven-gut-microbiota-modulation-of-immunometabolism-in-cardiometabolic-and-immune-health