Olfactory Receptors: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutics

Olfactory receptors (ORs), the largest family within the G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, have long been recognized for their essential function in odor detection in the nasal epithelium. However, recent research has uncovered widespread expression of ORs in a variety of non-olfactory tissues, where they play diverse roles in regulating biological processes such as cellular migration, metabolism, and hormone secretion. Mechanistically, OR signaling encompasses both G protein–dependent pathways and β-arrestin–mediated routes, integrating receptor activation with precise regulation of desensitization and trafficking.These insights have fundamentally expanded the significance of ORs beyond sensory biology, positioning them as emerging therapeutic targets in diseases such as cancer, metabolic syndromes, and tissue repair.The goal of this Research Topic is to showcase comprehensive investigations into the mechanistic principles underlying the function of olfactory receptors—covering aspects such as ligand recognition, signaling pathways, receptor trafficking, and desensitization. We aim to bridge classical sensory biology with advancing knowledge of OR functions in non-olfactory tissues and highlight novel strategies for harnessing these receptors in disease contexts.We invite submissions including original research, reviews, and perspectives on:• The molecular basis of OR activation, signaling, and desensitization• Receptor trafficking and regulatory mechanisms• OR function and signaling in non-olfactory tissues (e.g., muscle, heart, skin, cancer)• Elucidation of OR roles in disease pathogenesis• Therapeutic strategies targeting ORs, ligand screening, and drug development• Applications of computational modeling, structural biology, and innovative technologies (CRISPR screening, biosensor development, etc.) in OR researchContributions that expand our understanding of ORs as multifaceted regulators and innovative therapeutic targets are particularly encouraged. Topic editors: Trung Thach, Wei-Sheng Lin, Thomas Heinbockel Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/79671/olfactory-receptors-mechanistic-insights-and-therapeutics