Peritoneal Sepsis and Intra-Abdominal Infection: Surgical Source Control and Postoperative Infection Prediction

Peritoneal sepsis and intra-abdominal infection represent urgent clinical challenges within the field of emergency and visceral surgery. Despite advances in surgical techniques and antimicrobial therapies, morbidity and mortality associated with these conditions remain high. Ongoing debates concern the optimal strategies for source control, including the best timing for operative intervention and criteria for selecting among various procedural approaches. The latest research highlights evolving risk models to predict which patients are most susceptible to severe postoperative infections and septic shock following visceral procedures. Yet, disagreements persist concerning individualized decision-making and the translation of predictive tools into routine clinical practice.Recent research highlights how complex intra-abdominal infections are and emphasizes the need for a comprehensive management strategy. Effective care relies on timely source control, careful use of antimicrobials, and close postoperative monitoring. Various prognostic indicators and scoring systems have been developed to pinpoint patients at greater risk of complications, while emerging techniques - such as minimally invasive and staged interventions - offer additional options but also introduce uncertainty. Although prompt and appropriate surgical intervention remains the foundation of treatment, stronger evidence is still needed to compare different approaches and to validate infection prediction models in prospective studies. Advancing the field will require better use of predictive analytics, stronger multidisciplinary collaboration, and more consistent outcome reporting.This Research Topic aims to advance knowledge surrounding the surgical management of peritoneal sepsis and intra-abdominal infection, particularly focusing on effective source control interventions, optimal timing of surgery, and the prediction of postoperative infectious complications. The main objective is to stimulate research that clarifies key aspects of decision-making in emergency visceral surgery, develops or validates models for risk stratification, and explores operative and adjunctive modalities to improve patient outcomes.To gather further insights in the context of perioperative management of intra-abdominal infection and peritoneal sepsis, this Research Topic welcomes contributions focused on both diagnostic and interventional challenges while excluding topics unrelated to surgical management or postoperative complications. We welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:o Strategies and timing for source control in peritoneal sepsis and intra-abdominal infection;o Risk factors and predictive models for severe postoperative infection and septic shock;o Clinical studies of emergency interventions following visceral surgery;o Operative and interventional innovations for infection management;o Comparative effectiveness of traditional versus minimally invasive source control;o Approaches for translating prediction models into real-world surgical decision-making.All article types accepted at Frontiers in Surgery are welcome for submission. Topic editors: Orestis Ioannidis, Vishal G Shelat, Arda Isik, Ruben Peralta, Gustavo Fraga Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/80612/peritoneal-sepsis-and-intra-abdominal-infection-surgical-source-control-and-postoperative-infection-prediction