Pulmonary Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly recognized as significant pulmonary pathogens worldwide, and immunocompromised individuals - including solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, patients with primary immunodeficiencies, and those on immunosuppressive or biologic therapies - face disproportionate risk of infection, diagnostic delay, and poor outcomes. After environmental NTM exposure, these hosts are more susceptible to infections that progress to clinical disease, and, once infected, they are at greater risk of more severe disease than immunocompetent patients. Much of the existing literature on pulmonary NTM disease focuses on immunocompetent populations, leaving open questions about how these infections present, progress, and respond to treatment in more vulnerable hosts.This Research Topic aims to bring together epidemiological, diagnostic, and clinical perspectives on pulmonary NTM disease in immunocompromised patients across the lifespan, with the goal of consolidating current evidence on clinical practice and highlighting priorities for future research in this high-risk population.This Research Topic welcomes submissions on, but not limited to, the following areas:- Global and regional epidemiology of pulmonary NTM disease in immunocompromised populations, including comparative analyses across countries and discussion of the clinical, environmental, or healthcare-system factors behind observed differences- Environmental and climate-related drivers of NTM exposure and their clinical impact on immunocompromised hosts- Clinical features and disease course of pulmonary NTM disease in immunocompromised patients, including atypical presentations- Diagnostic approaches to pulmonary NTM disease in immunocompromised hosts, including application of the IDSA/ATS/ERS/ESCMID guidelines in this population- Imaging modalities and radiologic features of pulmonary NTM disease in immunocompromised hosts- Treatment strategies for pulmonary NTM disease in immunocompromised hosts, including antimicrobial regimens and management of drug interactions with immunosuppressive therapy- Long-term sequelae and complications of pulmonary NTM disease in immunocompromised hosts- Pediatric pulmonary NTM disease, particularly in children with primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, transplant history, or other predisposing conditionsThis Research Topic encourages submissions of original research articles, systematic reviews, case reports/series, and perspective pieces that advance our understanding of pulmonary NTM disease in immunocompromised hosts and support earlier recognition and improved management of this vulnerable population.If you are interested in submitting or have any questions, please contact the journal email: tuberculosis@frontiersin.org. Topic editors: Amrita Dosanjh M.D., Victor Næstholt Dahl, M.D., Ph.D. Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/84635/pulmonary-non-tuberculous-mycobacterial-infections-in-immunocompromised-hosts