Real-world epilepsy care: integrating neuroscience, diagnostic precision and treatment pathways across diverse clinical settings

Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder whose management increasingly benefits from advances in neuroscience, including neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and network analysis. Despite this progress, real-world clinical care still faces significant hurdles, such as delayed diagnosis, misclassification of seizure types, and variability in the application of evidence-based treatments. Recent studies demonstrate substantial potential for tools like EEG biomarkers, computational models, and novel imaging techniques to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic precision. However, gaps persist in translating these innovations into routine clinical practice, particularly in diverse clinical environments and among vulnerable populations, leaving many patients without optimal care.This Research Topic aims to bridge the gap between neuroscience-driven discoveries and their practical implementation in everyday epilepsy care. By integrating advanced diagnostic technologies—such as EEG, neuroimaging biomarkers, and seizure detection systems—with clinical pathways, the goal is to enhance diagnostic accuracy, personalize treatment regimens, and optimize care delivery for people with epilepsy. Special attention will be given to research addressing real-world diagnostic processes for first seizures, accurate differentiation between epileptic and non-epileptic events, and the practicalities of employing advanced neurophysiological tools in daily clinical workflows. There is also strong interest in studies exploring treatment effectiveness, prediction of pharmacoresponse, personalized therapy guided by biological markers, and strategies for effective polytherapy.This Research Topic welcomes work that directly advances diagnostic precision and treatment approaches within real-world settings, focusing on both broad populations and vulnerable groups. To gather further insights into the scope and limitations of epilepsy care integration, we encourage submissions that address, but are not limited to, the following themes:o Use of neuroimaging and electrophysiological biomarkers in routine diagnosiso Real-world diagnostic pathways for first seizures and acute presentationso Differential diagnosis, including psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) and acute symptomatic eventso Treatment optimization and precision medicine guided by neurobiological markerso Surgical and device-based treatment options in real-world care pathways o Tele-neurology, remote EEG, and digital monitoring in expanding access to careo Management strategies for older adults, pregnant individuals, and patients with cognitive or psychiatric comorbiditieso Implementing neuroscience-informed epilepsy care in low-resource or rural environments Topic editors: Giovanni Falcicchio, Roberta Roberti Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/78039/real-world-epilepsy-care-integrating-neuroscience-diagnostic-precision-and-treatment-pathways-across-diverse-clinical-settings