Surface Modification and Functionalization of Dental Materials and Instruments: Advances, Performance, and Clinical Translation

The field of dental materials science is undergoing rapid transformation through the application of advanced surface modification and functionalization techniques. There is a persistent need for dental materials and instruments that not only deliver exceptional mechanical and aesthetic performance but also address challenges such as microbial contamination, adhesion, and long-term biological response. To this end, both physical and chemical strategies—ranging from laser irradiation and plasma treatment to the application of nano-engineered coatings—have been developed to tailor the surface properties of dental devices and materials without compromising their core attributes. Recent studies have demonstrated that modifying surfaces at the micro- and nano-scale can enhance antimicrobial behavior, promote biocompatibility, and help achieve superior clinical results, while also raising questions about the translation of these advances to routine dental practice. Despite notable progress, ongoing debates surround the reproducibility, long-term stability, and true clinical benefit of many surface engineering approaches, with further research required to optimize and validate their efficacy.This Research Topic aims to gather the most recent and impactful research focused on the modification and functionalization of surfaces in dental materials and instruments. The key objective is to improve material performance and expand the range of clinical applications in various dental specialties. Specific goals include elucidating mechanisms of action for different modification strategies, identifying best practices in interface optimization, and investigating biological and patient-centered outcomes arising from innovative surface treatments. Through critical examination and comparative studies, this Research Topic seeks to bridge the gap between laboratory innovation and practical implementation in dentistry.This Research Topic encompasses experimental, translational, and clinical research addressing surface engineering as it applies to dental materials and instruments. Submissions should emphasize relevant advances, limitations, and practical implications without deviating into unrelated materials science or medical device research. To gather further insights in this area, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:- Physical, chemical, and nano-based surface modification strategies- Approaches for enhancing antimicrobial properties and bioactivity- Methods for improving mechanical strength, durability, or adhesive performance- Coating technologies and optimization of material interfaces for stability- Modifications applied to a broad array of dental materials and clinical instruments- Studies on biocompatibility and biological response to modified surfaces- Translation of laboratory findings to clinical application and patient outcomes- Assessment and methodological advancements in evaluating surface modifications Topic editors: Inês Ferreira, Irene Vaz, Keren Shemtov-yona Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/78875/surface-modification-and-functionalization-of-dental-materials-and-instruments-advances-performance-and-clinical-translation