The Gut-Brain Axis in Neurological Disorders: From Microbial Dysbiosis to Therapeutic Interventions

Research on the gut-brain axis has revolutionized our understanding of neurological disorders by highlighting the profound influence of the gut microbiome on brain health and function. The recognition of bidirectional communication between the gut and central nervous system has opened new avenues for exploring how microbial dysbiosis can drive or modulate neurological disease processes. Recent evidence has implicated the gut microbiome in a range of neurological conditions—including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum and neurodevelopmental disorders, epilepsy, and stroke—by affecting systemic and neuroinflammatory pathways. Key studies have demonstrated that microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, and altered intestinal or blood-brain barrier permeability play a central role in disease pathogenesis and progression. Despite these advances, significant gaps remain regarding the precise molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie these complex interactions, and how we might effectively translate these findings into clinical interventions.This Research Topic aims to elucidate the multifaceted roles of the gut microbiome in the onset, progression, and treatment of neurological disorders. The primary goal is to deepen our understanding of the molecular pathways and cellular processes by which microbial metabolites, immune modulation, and barrier integrity contribute to neurological outcomes. We seek to address questions such as: How do alterations in the microbiota translate into neuroinflammation or neurodegeneration? What microbial biomarkers can be leveraged for diagnosis or prognosis? Which therapeutic approaches hold the most promise for modifying disease trajectories or improving neurological recovery? Furthermore, integration of multi-omics and translational approaches is encouraged to foster the development of individualized, microbiome-based therapies.The Research Topic will encompass original research, reviews, and translational studies focused on both basic mechanisms and clinical applications in the gut-brain axis context for neurological disorders. Manuscripts should focus on mechanistic insights, therapeutic interventions, or biomarker discovery, and may include in vitro, animal model, human cohort, or clinical trial data. To gather further insights in the interplay between the gut microbiome and neurological health, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:Molecular and cellular mechanisms mediating gut-brain communication in neurological diseaseMicrobiota-driven modulation of neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier, and intestinal permeabilityRoles of microbial metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids, neurotransmitters) in neurological outcomesMicrobiome-targeted therapies, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantationMicrobiome-based biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, or response to therapyMulti-omics approaches in understanding gut-brain interactionsThe impact of psychoneuromicrobiotics and personalized nutrit Topic editors: Gilberto Uriel Rosas Sánchez, Cesar Soria Fregozo, José Luis Muñoz-Carrillo, Leon Jesús German-Ponciano, Oscar Gutierrez-Coronado Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/78422/the-gut-brain-axis-in-neurological-disorders-from-microbial-dysbiosis-to-therapeutic-interventions