The Role of Gut Microbiota in Immune-Related Inflammatory Diseases: Volume II

The first volume of this Research Topic established a strong foundation for understanding how gut microbiota shape immune homeostasis and drive inflammatory disease. Since its publication, the field has continued to evolve at pace, with emerging evidence deepening our appreciation of the microbiome’s role beyond the intestinal tract. Advances in multi-omics technologies, germ-free animal models, and longitudinal human cohort studies are now enabling researchers to move from association to mechanism — pinpointing the specific microbial species, metabolic pathways, and host–microbe signaling axes that underpin conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Yet significant questions remain, particularly around inter-individual variability, the directionality of immune–microbiome crosstalk, and what constitutes a therapeutically relevant microbiome signature.This second volume aims to capture this momentum and address the outstanding gaps. Building on the themes explored previously, it broadens its scope to include the latest mechanistic insights into how microbial metabolites — including short-chain fatty acids, bile acid derivatives, and tryptophan catabolites — interface with innate and adaptive immune circuits at both local and systemic levels. It also places greater emphasis on translational and clinical advances, recognizing that the field is at an inflection point where bench discoveries are increasingly informing microbiota-targeted interventions. From next-generation probiotics and postbiotics to fecal microbiota transplantation and precision dietary strategies, the therapeutic landscape is expanding rapidly and warrants rigorous scientific scrutiny.This Research Topic welcomes original research articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses that advance our understanding of the gut microbiome in immune-mediated inflammatory disease. We encourage submissions addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:Mechanistic studies elucidating how specific gut microbiota or their metabolites regulate innate and adaptive immune cell populations, including T regulatory cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells.The gut–organ axis in inflammatory disease, including gut–joint, gut–lung, and gut–brain immune interactions.Clinical and translational studies evaluating microbiota-based interventions — such as fecal microbiota transplantation, postbiotics, phage therapy, and precision nutrition — in immune-related inflammatory conditions.Multi-omics and computational approaches for identifying microbial and metabolomic biomarkers with diagnostic or prognostic value in inflammatory disease.The influence of host genetics, age, sex, and environmental factors on microbiome composition and downstream immune outcomes. Topic editors: Cinzia Parolini, Núria Mach Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/80910/the-role-of-gut-microbiota-in-immune-related-inflammatory-diseases-volume-ii