The roles of inflammatory cells, including eosinophils, in allergic diseases

Allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies, are characterized by complex immune dysregulation involving multiple inflammatory cell types. Among these, eosinophils have long been recognized as key effector cells contributing to tissue inflammation and remodeling. However, recent advances have revealed that eosinophils exhibit diverse functions beyond cytotoxicity, including roles in immune regulation, tissue homeostasis, and antiviral responses. In addition, other inflammatory cells such as mast cells, basophils, neutrophils, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) also exhibit functional diversity and dynamically interact with immune and structural cells. Emerging technologies, including single-cell analyses, have further highlighted the multifaceted and context-dependent roles of these cells. A comprehensive understanding of their functions and interactions is essential for advancing precision medicine approaches in allergic diseases.Despite significant progress in the understanding of allergic inflammation, important gaps remain in elucidating the precise roles and interplay of inflammatory cells across different disease phenotypes and stages. In particular, the functional heterogeneity of eosinophils and their interactions with other immune and structural cells are not fully understood. This Research Topic aims to address these challenges by integrating recent advances in immunology, including novel insights from omics technologies, in vivo models, and clinical studies. We seek to clarify how inflammatory cells contribute to disease initiation, exacerbation, and resolution, as well as their roles in tissue repair and remodeling. Furthermore, the development of biologics targeting type 2 inflammation has transformed clinical practice, yet variability in treatment responses underscores the need for deeper mechanistic understanding. By bringing together basic, translational, and clinical research, this collection aims to identify new therapeutic targets and biomarkers, ultimately contributing to more precise and individualized management strategies for allergic diseases.This Research Topic welcomes submissions addressing the diverse and dynamic roles of inflammatory cells in allergic diseases, with a particular emphasis on their multifaced roles and interactions with other immune and structural cells. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to:• Roles of inflammatory cells in disease initiation, exacerbation, resolution, and tissue remodeling• Cellular heterogeneity and functional plasticity of inflammatory cells• Mechanisms of cell–cell communication and interactions in allergic inflammation • Advances in biomarker discovery and precision medicine approaches based on immunological mechanisms• Development and mechanisms of action of novel immunological therapeutic strategies including biologicsTopic Editor Kazuyuki Nakagome has received speaker honoraria from AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline and Sanofi. The other Topic Editors have no Conflict of Interest to declare in respect of this Research Topic. Topic editors: Kazuyuki Nakagome, Yoshiyuki Yamada, Chang-Keun Kim Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/80240/the-roles-of-inflammatory-cells-including-eosinophils-in-allergic-diseases