Translational and clinical advances in Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) and MDS/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MDS/MPN)

Myelodysplastic (MDS) and MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by a miriade of genomic and clinical features and a variable but significant risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Despite major advances in molecular characterization driven by next-generation sequencing and whole-genome approaches, these disorders pose persistent challenges to risk stratification, treatment selection, and long-term management.Recent updates in the WHO 2022 and ICC 2022 classifications have reshaped the diagnostic and biological frameworks of MDS and MDS/MPN, placing greater emphasis on molecularly defined disease subsets and integrated clinic-genomic characterizations. At the same time, the therapeutic landscape is rapidly evolving: hypomethylating agents remain the backbone of treatment for higher-risk MDS, while luspatercept has redefined the management of lower-risk disease in the low-risk subgroup. Treatment strategies for MDS/MPN overlap the ones of MDS. Emerging agents including imetelstat, venetoclax-based combinations, and novel immune-targeting strategies are expanding options across risk categories, while allogeneic stem cell transplantation remains the only potentially curative approach for eligible patients.This Research Topic aims to consolidate translational and clinical progress across the full MDS and MDS/MPN spectra, with a particular focus on integrating genomic insights with clinical outcomes and therapeutic decision-making. Contributions at the intersection of molecular biology, clonal dynamics, immune dysregulation, and disease progression are especially encouraged.We welcome original research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical studies, and perspectives addressing the following themes:• Molecular and genomic landscape of MDS and MDS/MPN• Novel risk stratification models and prognostic biomarkers• Mechanisms of treatment resistance and disease progression• Therapeutic advances across risk categories, including novel agents and combinations• Allogeneic transplant outcomes and patient selection• Transformation to AML: predictors, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications• Immune microenvironment • Quality-of-life and patient-reported outcomesPlease note that manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analyses of public genomic databases without independent validation are out of scope. Topic editors: Luca Guarnera, Valeria Visconte Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/81184/translational-and-clinical-advances-in-myelodysplastic-syndromes-mds-and-mdsmyeloproliferative-neoplasms-mdsmpn