Underwater Extremely Low-Frequency Physical Field Observation and Detection: Technologies, Modeling, and Applications

In the fields of ocean engineering and underwater acoustics, extremely low-frequency (typically ranging from a few hertz to hundred hertz) physical fields-including ELF acoustic, electric, and magnetic fields-are increasingly emerging as a research frontier of great interest. Compared with mid- and high-frequency physical quantities, ELF signals exhibit unique advantages in seawater, such as low attenuation, long propagation distance, and strong penetration capability. They hold significant application value in areas such as remote detection of underwater targets, seafloor seismic monitoring, and sub-bottom geological imaging. Nevertheless, the observation and detection of ELF physical fields still face a series of major technical challenges: high sensor self-noise and low sensitivity, which make it difficult to extract weak signals effectively; complex and high-intensity ambient noise in the ocean, particularly in the ELF band where various natural and anthropogenic interferences exist; poorly understood propagation characteristics of ELF acoustic, electric, and magnetic fields in complex ocean channels; and a lack of systematic knowledge regarding the coupling mechanisms among multiple physical fields. Therefore, systematic investigation of the physical characteristics of ELF acoustic, electric, and magnetic fields and their interactions with underwater targets and the marine environment is of great academic value and engineering significance for promoting innovative development in ocean observation and detection technologies.This Research Topic aims to bring together and showcase cutting-edge advances in ELF acousto-electro-magnetic sensor technologies, underwater ELF physical field modeling and experimental validation, as well as their applications in marine monitoring and detection. The main objectives are:- To achieve comprehensive and accurate characterization of ELF physical fields through theoretical modeling and experimental observation;- To reveal the coupling mechanisms between ELF physical fields, underwater targets, and ocean channels;- To develop ELF signal detection and target detection technologies suitable for complex ocean environments.We welcome contributions focusing on new sensor principles and methods, ELF physical field modeling, experimental observations of ELF physical fields, and ELF signal processing.This Research Topic will concentrate on novel technologies and methods for ELF physical field observation and detection in marine environments. Submissions are invited on the following topics (including but not limited to):- Design, integration, and testing of ELF acoustic/electric/magnetic sensors- Modeling and characteristic analysis of ELF acoustic, electric, and magnetic fields in complex ocean environments- Synchronous ocean environmental observations and experimental validation of ELF physical fields- Coupling mechanisms among different ELF physical fields in the ocean- Marine monitoring technologies based on ELF physical fields (single-physics or multi-modal fusion)- Underwater target detection technologies using ELF physical fields in complex ocean environments- Applications of machine learning, vector field analysis, and multi-modal fusion in ELF detection- Exploratory and interdisciplinary research closely related to integrated underwater ELF observation and detection Topic editors: JianBo Zhou, Shuqing Ma Source: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/79443/underwater-extremely-low-frequency-physical-field-observation-and-detection-technologies-modeling-and-applications