Original ResearchPublished 11 August 2026Bayesian quantum phase estimation beyond the eigenstate approximation: sample complexity, Cramér–Rao bounds, and adaptive measurement design for non-eigenstate and mixed-state inputs on NISQ devicesB Akoramurthy · B Surendiran · Xiaochun Cheng · Mohanty SNFrontiers in Quantum Science and Technologydoi 10.3389/frqst.2026.1862834