Original ResearchPublished 9 September 2026Carbon sequestration and the annual net greenhouse gas balance of paddy fields, and their economic-ecological implications within the framework of sustainable development goals 13, 15Markus Patiung · Nugrahini Susantinah Wisnujati · Yennyka LeilasariyantiFrontiers in Environmental Economicsdoi 10.3389/frevc.2026.1906407