Original ResearchPublished 1 September 2026Integration of an ontological model of CDIO competencies into the design of educational programs: transforming educational projects into knowledge contentYenglik Kadyr · Bulat Kubekov · Aislu Kassekeyeva · Rakhila Turebayeva · Aizhan Nazyrova · Zhanar Lamasheva · Ainur ShekerbekFrontiers in Computer Sciencedoi 10.3389/fcomp.2026.1914151