Original ResearchPublished 23 March 2026A hybrid deep feature-ensemble learning framework for robust tomato leaf disease classification using DenseNet121-EfficientNetB0 integration and SMOTE-optimize multi-classifierOmobayo Ayokunle Esan · Dorcas Oladayo EsanFrontiers in Horticulturedoi 10.3389/fhort.2026.1762580