Original ResearchPublished 26 August 2026Large-scale neuromorphic modeling of cortical networks on FPGA for investigating anesthetic-induced neural dynamicsChuanguang Wang · Xiaotian Pan · Si Chen · Hao Cheng · YuJie Yao · Guodao Zhang · Fang ZhengFrontiers in Systems Neurosciencedoi 10.3389/fnsys.2026.1866947