Original ResearchPublished 2 October 2026A dual-tunable terahertz absorber using graphene-ZnO-VO 2 hybrid structure for quad-band absorption, broadband-narrowband switching, and refractive-index sensingChandan Tamrakar · Anil Kumar Soni · Shrawan Kumar PatelAdvanced Optical Technologiesdoi 10.3389/aot.2026.1910513