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Original Research
Published 7 September 2026
A resilient hybrid FSO/SMF ring network with carrier-less nodes for high-speed internet of underwater things
Jawad Mirza · Salman Ghafoor · Ahmad Atieh · Benish Kanwal · Firdos Kanwal · Muhammad Ijaz · Ahmad Almogren
Frontiers in Physics
doi 10.3389/fphy.2026.1900677