Systematic ReviewPublished 4 September 2026Organ-specific apoptotic pathways induced by micro- and nanoplastics: a systematic review of in vitro toxicological evidenceLaura Maria Messina · Maria Concetta Scuto · Gabriella Lupo · Cinzia Maria Grazia Lombardo · Caterina Ledda · Angela Trovato SalinaroFrontiers in Toxicologydoi 10.3389/ftox.2026.1908508