Original ResearchPublished 17 September 2026Effects of exercise-induced gradual versus instant avatar transformation on muscle strength and sense of embodiment in patients with chronic low back pain and healthy adultsYong-Hao Hu · Yuichiro Nakaso · Takuto Nakamura · Takafumi Kanaya · Masayuki Inoue · Yukiko Shiro · Takahiro Ushida · Takuji NarumiFrontiers in Virtual Realitydoi 10.3389/frvir.2026.1869292