Mini ReviewPublished 9 December 2025From microelectrode arrays to all-optical and multimodal neural interfaces: emerging platforms for spatiotemporal interrogation of in vitro neural circuitsSong Wang · Sarah Gordon · Chris French · Ranjith R. Unnithan · Dechuan SunFrontiers in Synaptic Neurosciencedoi 10.3389/fnsyn.2025.1732955