Original ResearchPublished 11 August 2026Ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire-incorporated PVDF mixed-matrix membranes for enhanced forward osmosis performanceMohamed Gamal Gomaa · El-Sayed Ali Abdel-Aal · Francesca Russo · Francesco Galiano · Alberto Figoli · Hamdy Maamoun Abdel-GhafarFrontiers in Membrane Science and Technologydoi 10.3389/frmst.2026.1894848