Original ResearchPublished 16 September 2026Plasma-activated water reprograms the root–rhizosphere continuum to enhance nitrogen use efficiency and sustain maize productivity under reduced nitrogen inputBanoth Madhu · Nunavath Umilsingh · Jakku Prasanna · M. V. Priya · Surla PradeepkumarFrontiers in Agronomydoi 10.3389/fagro.2026.1939374