Brief Research ReportPublished 31 August 2026Host identity dominates over intra-ruminal spatial variation in shaping the rumen microbiome of Holstein–Friesian dairy cowsSoumya Kanti Kar · Edoardo Zaccaria · Léon Šebek · Sanne van GastelenFrontiers in Microbiomesdoi 10.3389/frmbi.2026.1883079